Simultaneous dairy wastewater treatment and bioelectricity production in a new microbial fuel cell using photosynthetic Synechococcus / Tratamiento simultáneo de aguas residuales lácteas y producción de bioelectricidad en una nueva celda de combustible microbiana utilizando Synechococcus fotosintético

Photosynthetic microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is a novel technology, which employs organic pollutants and organisms to produce electrons and biomass and capture CO2 by bio-reactions. In this study, a new PMFC was developed based on Synechococcus sp. as a biocathode, and dairy wastewater was used in the anode chamber. Different experiments including batch feed mode, semi-continuous feed mode, Synechococcus feedstock to the anode chamber, Synechococcus-Chlorella mixed system, the feedstock of treated wastewater to the cathode chamber, and use of extra nutrients in the anodic chamber were performed to investigate the behavior of the PMFC system. The results indicated that the PMFC with a semi-continuous feed mode is more effective than a batch mode for electricity generation and pollutant removal. Herein, maximum power density, chemical oxygen demand removal, and Coulombic efficiency were 6.95 mW/m2 (450 Ω internal resistance), 62.94, and 43.16%, respectively, through mixing Synechococcus sp. and Chlorella algae in the batch-fed mode. The maximum nitrate and orthophosphate removal rates were 98.83 and 68.5%, respectively, wherein treated wastewater in the anode was added to the cathode. No significant difference in Synechococcus growth rate was found between the cathodic chamber of PMFC and the control cultivation cell. The heating value of the biocathode biomass at maximum Synechococcus growth rate (adding glucose into the anode chamber) was 0.2235 MJ/Kg, indicating the cell’s high ability for carbon dioxide recovery. This study investigated not only simultaneous bioelectricity production and dairy wastewater in a new PMFC using Synechococcus sp. but also studied several operational parameters and presented useful information about their effect on PMFC performance.(AU)

Estudio sobre las propiedades térmicas, la toxicidad emitida y la reinhalación de CO2 en los colchones de bebés como factores estresores externos relacionados con el lactante. Recomendaciones de diseño / No disponible

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Influences of different thermal processings in milk, bovine meat and frogprotein structure / Influencia del tratamiento térmico en la estructura proteíca de leche, carne y rana

Varios estudios han asociado la digestibilidad de las proteínas para su potencial inmunogénico. En este sentido, el objetivo fue evaluar el impacto del tratamiento térmico a temperaturas altas y bajas en la estructura de la proteína de los tres alimentos a través de la digestibilidad in vitro y la electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida. Se observó que tanto la pasteurización, la cocción a 95 ºC durante 15 minutos y liofilización dio modificaciones cualitativas y cuantitativas de los constituyentes de proteínas de los alimentos. Las proteínas más sensibles al tratamiento térmico en orden ascendente fueron carne de res, carne de rana y, finalmente, la leche de vaca (AU)

Several studies have associated the digestibility of proteins to its imunogenic potential. Though, it was objectified to evaluate the impact of the thermal processing with high and low temperatures on the proteins structure of three types of foods, by means of the digestibility in vitro and electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida. The pasteurize was observed in such a way, firing 95 ºC during 15 minutes, how much freeze dried causes qualitative and quantitative modifications of constituent proteins of the food. The most sensible proteins to the increasing thermal processing order were beef, frog meat, and the last, cow milk (AU)

Anaerobic digestion of wastewater from coffee and chemical analysis of biogas produced using gas chromatography: quantification of methane, and potential energy gas exchanger / Digestão anaeróbia de águas residuárias do café e análise química do biogás produzido por cromatografia gasosa: quantificação de metano e potencial de troca gasosa de energia

Methane is the main constituent of biogas, being responsible for its calorific value. This work objective was to present the analysis of methane concentration in the biogas originated from anaerobic treatment system of wastewater of coffee wet processing (CWP) at laboratory scale, using coffee coconut. The methane concentration were performed by gas-solid chromatography (GSC) analyses. The system was composed of a column Restek RT-Q-PLOT, with the stage sets, the divinyl-benzene, nitrogen as mobile phase and a flame ionization detector (FID). The results of the concentration of methane in the biogas ranged from 48.60 to 68.14%. The upper and lower calorific values were 25,654 and 23,777 kJ.m-3, respectively. For interchangeability, obtained a Wobbe number of 7,851 kcal.m-3, resulting in their interchangeability with piped gas (city gas).

O metano é o principal constituinte do biogás, sendo o responsável pelo seu poder calorífico. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas as análises da concentração de metano no biogás produzido a partir do tratamento das águas residuárias do processamento por via úmida do café (ARC) em sistema de tratamento anaeróbio em escala de laboratório, sendo utilizado o café coco para a produção destas ARC. As análises foram realizadas por cromatografia gás-sólido (CGS), sendo o sistema composto de uma coluna Restek RT-Q-PLOT, tendo como fase fixa, o divinil-benzeno; do nitrogênio como fase móvel e um detector de ionização de chama (DIC). Os resultados da concentração de metano no biogás variaram de 48,60 a 68,14 %, sendo estas variações obtidas em função dos parâmetros do processo de tratamento. Os poderes caloríficos superior e inferior foram de 25.654 e 23.777 kJ.m-3, respectivamente. Para a permutabilidade, obteve-se um número de Wobbe de 7.851 kcal.m-3, resultando na sua permutabilidade com o gás canalizado (gás da cidade).

Eritema ab igne provocado por el ordenador portátil / Erythema Ab Igne Caused by Laptop Computer Use

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Evaluación experimental de un fogón mejorado (sistema de cocción a leña) / Experimental evaluation of an improved stove (cooking system to firewood)

En este trabajo se presenta la evaluación experimental de un fogón mejorado (sistema de cocción a leña) construida en el Centro de Capacitación para el Desarrollo (CECADE) QOSQO YACHAY WASI, ubicado en el distrito de Yaurisque de la Provincia de Paruro del Departamento del Cusco. El objetivo principal del trabajo es el mejorar la condición de vida de la familia rural, esto implica la incorporación de tecnologías de acuerdo a las más sentidas necesidades y al manejo sostenido de las mismas. La preparación de alimentos es de vital importancia, esta actividad lleva un gran esfuerzo en el que participan no solo el ama de casa, sino que todos los miembros de la familia. Esta labor se facilita con el uso del FOGON MEJORADO, tecnología que facilita el trabajo familiar y que además puede ser adoptada por la mayoría de los productores por su bajo costo, mayor eficiencia y mayor eficacia. En el presente trabajo, se dan a conocer los resultados experimentales obtenidos como producto de la evaluación del prototipo en mención.

In this work the experimental evaluation of an improved vent is presented (cooking system to firewood) built in the Center of Training for Development (CECADE) QOSQO YACHAY WASI, located in the district of Yaurisque of the County of Paruro of the Department of the Cusco. The main objective of the work is to improving the conditions of life of the rural family, this implies the incorporation of technologies according to the felt necessities and to the sustained handling of the same ones. The preparation of foods is of vital importance, this activity takes a great effort in which you/they not participate alone housewife, but rather all the members of the family. This work was facilitated with the use of the IMPROVED VENT, technology that facilitates the family work and that it can also be adopted by most of the producers by its low cost, bigger effectiveness. Presently work, they are given to know the experimental results obtained as product of the evaluation of the prototype in mention.